Pasif Cümlelerde by Kullanımı

Pasif cümlelerde genellikle eylemin oluşuyla ilgilenilir. Örneğin:

The missing child has been found.

German is spoken in Austria.

Eğer eylemi yapanın kim olduğundan söz edeceksek, by kullanırız:

The missing child was found by a French family.

Urdu is spoken by a lot of people in London.

Thousands of fish were killed by the chemicals.

Aşağıdaki örnek cümleleri inceleyelim:

• The name of the new school is being decided by a committee of parents and governers.
• Most of the cost of universisty education is paid by the government.
• I'm being taught how to use a computer by granddaughter.
• The window was broken by a tree that fell over in the storm.

Pasif soru cümlelerinde ise şu yapıyı tercih ederiz:

Who... by?

• I really like the statue in the square. Who was it made by?
• Who were you invited by?

Aşağıdaki cümlelerde Who ...by? soru yapısını inceleyelim:

• Look at this beautiful photo.(take)
• Dune is my favorite science fiction book. (write) Who was it written by?
• Do you remember that song Over the Rainbow? (sing) Who was it sung by?
• That is a wonderful picture. (paint) Who was it painted by?
• Casablanca is the greatest film of all time. (direct) Who was it directed by?
• Our village school is a beautiful building. (build) Who was it built by?
• I really like the name of the new school. (choose) Who was it chosen by?