İngilizce Zaman Edatları Konu Anlatımı: At, In, On

at Kullanımı: de, da, ye, ya, e, a

at İngilizcede zaman edatı olarak saatlerle birlikte kullanılır.

• I will see you at 4:15.
  Seninle saat 4:15'de görüşeceğim.
• The plane leaves at six.
  Uçak saat 6'da kalkacak.
• Call me at lunchtime.
  Beni öğlen vaktinde ara. (lucnhtime: yemek vakti anlamına da gelir.)

Önemli: Zaman ile ilgili soru sorarken şu yanlışı yapmayalım:

At what time ...?

Bu şekilde sorulmaz. Doğrusu şöyledir:

What time ...?

on Kullanımı: üstünde, üzerinde, de, e doğru, yönünde, ile, civarında, esnasında

Zaman edatı olarak on, günlerde, tarihlerde ve Monday morning, Friday afternoon gibi ifadelerde kullanılır.

• I'll be at home on Tuesday.
  Salı günü evde olacağım.
• The meeting's on June 23rd.
  Toplantı haziranın 23'ünde yapılacak.
• I had to work on Christmas Day.
  Noel gününde de çalışmalıyım.
• We get up late on Sundays.
  Pazar günü geç kalkarız.
• I'm always sleepy on Monday mornings.
  Pazartesi sabahları daima uykulu olurum.

Aşağıdaki örnek cümlelerde at ve on zaman edatlarının kullanımlarını inceleyelim:

• What are you doing on Saturday?
• Can you wake me at 6:30?
• The classes start on September 8th.
• I'll be at work late on Tuesday morning.
• I have my guitar lessons at 10:00 on Wednesdays.
• She got married on Easter Monday.
• My new job starts on April 17th.
• Can we meet at lunchtime on Tuesday?

In Kullanımı: de, da, içinde, içine, halinde, olarak, içeriye, içeri

In edatı, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening ile birlikte kullanılır.

Önemli: night ile birlikte in kullanılmaz, at kullanılır: At night

In edatı, haftaları, mevsimleri, ayları, yılları ve yüzyılları söylerken kullanılır.

• We're going to Denmark in the first week of May.
• I always get unhappy in the winter.
• Shakespeare died in 1616.
• There were terrible wars in the 17th century.
• My birthday's in March.

Bunların yanında at the weekend, at Christmas, at Easter kullanımları da vardır.

• What are you doing at the weekend?
• Did you go away at Christmas?

Aşağıdaki örneklerde in, at ve on kullanımlarını inceleyelim:

• We all went to Wales at the weekend.
• I usually go skiing in February.
• She finished school in 1996.
• My mother usually comes to stay in Christmas.
• I don't like driving at night.
• Our garden looks wonderful in the spring.
• I usually stop work at 5:00 in the afternoon.
• I will finish university in June.
• I last saw her in 1998.
• I'm never hungry early in the morning.

Önemli: This, next, last ve every gibi genel ifadelerden önce preposition-edat kullanmayız.

• What are you doing this afternoon?
• Googbye. See you next week.
• Bill was here last Tuesday.
• We go on holiday to the same place every year.

Bir işin ne kadar sürede biteceğinden söz ederken in kullanırız.

• They built our house in three months.
• Your soup will be ready in ten minutes.

From ... to, until ve by kullanımı:

Until ya da till (informal), "kadar, değin, dek" anlamlarına gelmektedir ve bir işin ne zaman biteceğini anlatmakta kullanılır.

• We played football until 5 o'clock.
• I will be in London till Thursday.
• It was a great party. We danced until six o'clock in the morning.
• I'm going to have a sandwich now. I can't wait until/till lunchtime.
• Granny's coming on Monday for a few days. She's going to stay until/till Saturday.
• When I was young, you had to go to school until/till the age of 14.
• I didn't like the film, so I didn't stay until/till the end.
• I'm doing a three-month computer course; it goes on until/till July.

From ... to/until/till, bir olayın ya da durumun başlangıç ve bitiş zamanını verirken kullanırız.

• He read the paper from 7:30 to 8:30.
  He read the paper from 7:30 until/till 8:30.
• He washed the car from 8:00 to 9:00.
  He washed the car from 8:00 until/till 9:00.
• He played tennis from 10:00 to 11:00.
  He played tennis from 10:00 until/till 11:00.

Eğer belli bir zaman diliminde bir eylemin gerçekleşmesini istiyorsak (o zamanı geçmemeli), until yerine by kullanırız.

• You can keep the car until Sunday.
  (Araba pazar gününe kadar sende kalabilir.)
• You really must bring it back by 12:00 on Sunday.
  (Arabayı pazar günü en geç 12:00'da geri getirmelisin. Bundan önce de getirebilirsin.)

Aşağıdaki örnek cümlelere bakalım:

• This book must go back to the library by Tuesday.
• The film goes on until 9:30.
• Can you finish painting the room by Friday?

For, during ve while kullanımı:

For, bize olayın ya da durumun ne kadar sürdüğünü anlatırken kullanılır. During ise ne zaman olduğunu anlatırken.

• I slept for 20 minutes during the lesson.
  (Derste 20 dakika uyudum.)
• The journey lasted for three days.
• There was a rainstorm during the night.
• I lived in Mexico for six years.
• I got a headache during the examination.
• We visited Kyoto during our holiday in Japan.
• The electricity went off for two hours during afternoon.
• Alex and his wife met during the war.

During, preposition yani edat olarak kullanılır. During + isim

While ise bağlaç olarak kullanılır. While + özne + fiil.

• They got into the house during the night.
• They got into the house while I was asleep.
• He got ill during the jurnay.
• He got ill while he was travelling.

Aşağıdaki ifadelerin nasıl değiştiklerine dikkat edelim:

• during the meal (I/eat) .. while I was eating.
• while I was travelling (journey) .. during the journey.
• during the game (they/play) .. while they were playing.
• while we were listening (lesson) .. during the lesson.
• while they were fighting (war) .. during the war.
• during the conversation (they/talk) .. while they were talking.

Aşağıdaki örnek cümlelerde, for ile birlikte kullanılan faydalı bazı ifadeleri inceleyelim:

• They waited for a long time, but the bus didn't come.
• I will love you for ever.
• Could I talk to you for a minute or two.
• I played tennis for a couple of hours and then went home.
• I went to sleep for a moment during the opera.
• They put him in prison for life.